1825 Tanner Map of North and South America

This is an 1825 Henry Shenk Tanner map of the Americas and the Western Hemisphere.

A Closer Look

The map centers on North and South America, covering from Alaska, Canada, and Greenland south to Tierra del Fuego and the Falkland Islands. It depicts from Hawaii (Sandwich Isles) and several archipelagos in the South Pacific (the Society Islands, Marquesas, and the 'Dangerous Archipelago') east across the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean to Europe and the west coast of Africa. However, only North, Central, and South America are colored.

Concerning North America, the division of color is intriguing. The United States is labeled along the Appalachian Mountains, while the Missouri Territory stretches from the Mississippi River to the Pacific.

The Oregon Question

The northern border of the United States also extends well into British Columbia, referring to the Oregon Question and the 54°40' dispute. The northern border is not depicted at the 49th parallel, which is the contemporary border between the United States and Canada, but rather at the parallel 54°40' north, which was the border with Russian America and well into modern-day British Columbia. The Oregon Question was disputed for decades between the United States and Great Britain. The basis for the dispute was primarily economic. The Pacific Northwest was the final frontier of the fur trade, which meant that both British and American interests wanted regional control. American interest in the region also came back to the concept of Manifest Destiny and the Westward Expansion. Although the border was set at the 49th parallel by 1846, the crisis was not fully resolved until 1872.

Spanish America

The American border with Mexico, or New Spain, follows the Sabine River, the Red River, the Arkansas (Arkensaw) River, and the northern border of California. Yellow represents Spanish-claimed territory from California to Patagonia - although most of these regions at this time were embroiled in the Latin American Wars of Independence. South America contains two other color divisions: Amazonia and Patagonia. Amazonia consists of most of modern-day Brazil, as well as Uruguay, and parts of Argentina and Paraguay. The Caribbean islands (West Indies) are depicted in detail.

Publication History and Census

Tanner first published this map in 1823. The present example is the scarce 2nd edition from 1825. This map was published in the 1825 edition of Tanner's iconic New American Atlas. This map, like all maps from the New American Atlas, is today scarce to the market.