1939 Richard Edes Harrison Map of New York City

This 1939 Richard Edes Harrison map of New York City - published in conjunction with the New York World’s Fair - represents a triumph of the visual display of quantitative information. Its aesthetic impact is all the more impressive in its clear expression of municipal and demographic data, making this a map of the people of New York City, as much as of the physical city itself. All five boroughs are represented in the primary map. On it, Harrison’s masterful use of vivid color to distinguish between residential, commercial, industrial, and federal use of land is clear yet supple, able to make distinction (for example) of low-income housing projects using the same palette. Parks and cemeteries both appear as green spaces, with white spots - evoking headstones - indicating the difference between the two. The two major airports (Floyd Bennett Field and North Beach Airport) are given their own color as well. The city’s industrial areas, shown in black, dominate the East River and Hudson coastlines, a reminder of the centrality of trade to the city’s development and history.

The Lower Half of Manhattan in Detail

Underneath the map’s title, a detail of Manhattan from the middle of Central Park to The Battery allows for the presentation, in finer detail, of New York’s finer life: Using a new color code, Harrison marks the city’s most valuable real estate (structures assessed at 5 million dollars or more!) These include business buildings, stores, apartment houses, theatres… and ‘other theatres.’ (The precise nature of that last distinction is not made clear.)

This detail map also includes the termini of lower Manhattan's bridges and tunnels - including Gustav Lindenthal's monumental, proposed, and ultimately unbuilt Hudson River Bridge. The plans, drawn up in 1921, would have had a massive span across the Hudson - nearly twice the length of the Brooklyn Bridge - starting in the vicinity of 57th street. The construction of the Holland and Lincoln tunnels stymied the construction of the bridge. Harrison sneaks in a puckish joke here: Proposed Lindenthal Bridge: under obstruction.

Day And Night

Though smaller and perhaps more abstract, the detail in the lower right-hand corner of the map matches the rest of it in fascination: a dual map of all five boroughs in miniature, using bright and dark palettes to show the changing population density of the city by day and by night. Never was the diurnal chaos of the New York City commute presented so cleanly.

In an old-world touch, the map sports a very elegant compass rose. But even this is packed full of useful detail: within its circuit is yet another inset map, showing the ‘limit of the main map’ in the context of the greater metropolitan area and the surrounding states.

Publication History and Census

This map appeared in only one edition, as a supplement to the July issue of Fortune Magazine. OCLC lists eight examples in institutional collections.