1916 Evans Ethnographic Map of Yugoslavia Published During World War I

Arthur Evans (July 8, 1851 - July 11, 1941) was an English archaeologist and power player most often remembered for discovering the palace of Knossos on Crete. He also played a significant role in the formation of Yugoslavia. Born in Nash Mills, England, Evans attended some of Britain's most prestigious preparatory schools and then entered Brasenose College, Oxford, in 1870, and graduated in 1874. During the summers of his time at Oxford, Evans traveled extensively, and further cultivated his interests in archaeology and classical history. After some acrobatics orchestrated to graduate (he had 'studied' modern history, even though his interests lay elsewhere), Evans went to Germany for further study, but soon left in favor of further exploration in the Balkans, which were in the midst of a civil war. After returning home, Evans wrote of his time in the Balkans and published them as Through Bosnia and Herzegovina. This work, published in two editions, made him an expert on the Balkans overnight. The Mancheste4r Guardian hired him as a correspondent based on his newfound expertise, and sent him back to the Balkans in 1877. There he married the eldest daughter of one of his mentors, Margaret Freeman, in 1878, and the couple lived happily in Ragusa until 1882. He was arrested in 1882 on suspicion of being a British agent provocateur. He spent six weeks in jail, but, when nothing difinitive could be proved at trial, he was expelled from the country. This forced Evans and Margaret to return to Oxford in January 1883. By early 1884, he was appointed Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, an institution that was undergoing a period of significant turmoil. Under Evans' leadership, the museum found an identity, firmly becoming an archaeology museum, and today it houses the finest collection of Minoan artifacts outside Crete. It was during his time at the Ashmomlean that Evans became a true archaeologist. However, this period also brought tragedy, after Margaret died in Italy on March 11, 1893. The following year, after being kept apprised of events on Crete, he finally felt 'compelled' to go after discovering that some artifacts in the Ashmolean's collection likely bore Cretan script. Upon his arrival, he became convinced of this fact, bought 1/4 of the site, and quickly returned to England to wrap up his affairs there. Seven years later, after the political situation stabilized on Crete, Evans began excavations, and within a few months had discovered parts of the Palace of Minos. He spent the next eight years on Crete studying Minoan society. In 1908 he resigned as Keeper to focus on publishing his Minoan work. In 1914, at the beginning of World War I, he was 63 years old and thus too old to enlist. He agreed to become President of the Society of Antiquaries, which also made him a Trustee of the British Museum. He spent the war years successfullyt fighting the War Office and kept them from commandeering the British Museum for the Air Board. More by this mapmaker...

Royal Geographical Society (fl. 1830 - present) is a British Society established in 1830 to promote geographical science and exploration. Originally titled the "Geographical Society of London", the RGS received its royal charter from Queen Victoria in 1859 shortly after absorbing several similar but more regional societies including the African Association, the Raleigh Club and the Palestine Association. The RGS sponsored many of the most important and exciting voyages of exploration ever undertaken, including the exploration of Charles Darwin, David Livingstone, Robert Falcon Scott, Richard F. Burton, John Speke, George Hayward, H. M Stanley, Ernest Shackleton and Sir Edmond Hillary. Today, the RGS remains a leading global sponsor of geographical and scientific studies. The Society is based in Lowther Lodge, South Kensington, London. Learn More...