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1793 Tiebout Map of the Southern States
SouthernStates-tiebout-1793-2$500.00
Title
New Map of the States of Georgia South and North Carolina Virginia and Maryland Including the Spanish Provinces of West and East Florida from the latest Surveys.
1793 (undated) 12.5 x 14.5 in (31.75 x 36.83 cm) 1 : 6000000
1793 (undated) 12.5 x 14.5 in (31.75 x 36.83 cm) 1 : 6000000
Description
An intriguing and extremely scarce 1793 map of the southeastern portions of the United States, including Florida, by Cornelius Tiebout. Predating the Louisiana Purchase, the map covers the full United States as it then existed, as well as Spanish Florida. Coverage extends from the Chesapeake Bay to the Florida Keys and from the Mississippi River to the Atlantic seaboard. An arresting title cartouche in the lower right features an American Flag and is surmounted by a bald eagle.
Early Westward Expansion
For an American imprint this map is extremely early. It predates the formation of Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky, Tennessee, and West Virginia, and as such, North Carolina, and Georgia extend from the Atlantic to the Mississippi - following their original royal charters. Numerous Spanish and American forts are noted in the Mississippi and Wabash valleys. Identifies the Cumberland Settlements, among earliest group of settlements in modern day Tennessee. The Moravian Settlement, in North Carolina, is also noted.First Nations Mapped
The map features a wealth of American Indian information relating to the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, Muscogee, and Seminole, particularly in the western parts of Georgia. This one of the few maps to name the Upper Creek settlement of New Eufaula, in central Florida, established in 1767 by Creek refugees from Eufaula, a major Creek settlement located in what is today Alabama.Publication History and Census
This map was drawn and engraved in New York by Cornelius Tiebout for issue in William Gordon's 1793 History of the Rise on the United States as well as Gilbert Imlay's 1793 A Topographical Description. There are two states, the first issued in 1789, with a date in the lower right, and the second in 1793, as here, without the date. Otherwise, there is no substantive difference between editions. Some may note a similarity to the 1788 Joseph Purcell map, A Map of the States of Virginia North Carolina…, but it is considerably updated. Scarce.Cartographer
Cornelius Tiebout (c. 1760 - February 1832) was an American engraver of portraits and maps, possibly the first American-born engraver. He is credited with engraving most of the maps for Christopher Colles' 1789-1790 A Survey of the Roads of the United States of America and for introducing English stippled portraiture to America. Tiebout was born to Tunis Tiebout and Elizbeth Lamb in New York City. They were an hold Huguenot family with lands on the Delaware River as early as 1656. He was initially apprenticed as a silversmith under John Burger (1747 - 1828), but began engraving on copper to make extra money. His imprint appears alongside that of Burger on a collection of psalm tunes from about 1780-1785 - suggesting this is apprentice work. Apprenticeships ran from about 14 - 21, and his master adding his name to the imprint suggesting a late apprenticeship stage, meaning he was likely born about 1766 - 1765. Most references regarding his birth place it around 1773 - 1777, but this latter range seems a stretch. As early as 1789 he was working with Christopher Colles on various projects including A Survey of the Roads of the United States of America. In 1790, Tiebout had a falling out with Colles, abandoned the incomplete road book project, and took work engraving for New York Magazine and Brown' Family Bible. Early in 1793, Tiebout traveled to London where he studied English stipple engraving under James Heath. Returning to New York in 1796, he completed a stipple engraving of John Jay, the first strong example of that style by an American, establishing his reputation as a portraitist. Tiebout remained as an engraver in New York until 1799, after which he relocated to Philadelphia where he achieved some success selling portrait prints, becoming in the process wealthy. In a turn-around, in 1825 most of his riches were lost in a failed business venture of uncertain aspect. Shortly after his financial collapse, Tiebout relocated to New Harmony, Indiana, where he founded a free school of printing and engraving with industrialist William Maclure. He died in February of 1832. Tiebout maintained offices in New York at 24 Golden Hill and 273 Pearl Street. More by this mapmaker...
Source
Gordon, W., History of the Rise of the United States, (New York: Hodge, Allen, and Campbell) 1793.
Condition
Good. Right margin extended. Some wear on old fold lines, especially at fold intersections. Like most examples, it exhibits two repaired closed tears extending from right margin approximately 3 and 4 inches to the page, respectively. These are symptom of the way map was originally folded and bound into the history., thus are common to most examples.
References
OCLC 49597520. Wheat, J.C., and Brun, C. F., Maps and Charts Published in America before 1800; a Bibliography, 495. New York Public Library, Map Div. 97-6329 [LHS 418]. Phillips (America), p. 296.