Pedro Francisco de Luján y Góngora (September 18, 1727 - May 14, 1784), 1st Duke of Almodóvar del Río, was a Spanish nobleman, ambassador, and historian. He was made a Grandee of Spain in 1779 and was named 1st Duke of Almodóvar del Río on July 11, 1780. He was the fourth director of the Real Academia de la Historia from January 6, 1792 to May 14, 1794 when he died, although his death has also been quoted as 1796. From 1784, annoyed at the anti-Spanish verbiage of Guillaume Thomas François Raynal's popular Histoire philosophique et politique des établissements et du commerce des Européens dans les deux Indes, Pedro set out to write his own version of the work, Historia política de los Establecimientos Ultramarinos de las Naciones Europeas. An ambitious 12 volumes were planned, but only 5 were published. The early volumes mirrored Raynal's work, but from volume 3, he introduced new ideas and concepts. Nonetheless, after volume 5, José Moñino y Redondo, the Count of Floridablanca (1728 - 1808) prohibited further publication.



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