Le Petit Journal (1863 - 1944) was one of the major French daily newspapers of the French Third Republic era or Belle Époque in the late 19th and early 20th century. Founded by Moïse Polydore Millaud, the paper quickly established itself as a major player in French journalism, and was the largest French daily within two years and effectively dominated the daily press of the late 19th century, thanks in part to the use of advanced printing technology (rotary presses). In 1884, the paper introduced the Supplément illustré on Sundays, the first of its sort to include color illustrations. By the end of the 19th century, it was the largest newspaper in the world, with a daily circulation of roughly 2 million. However, the paper was badly damaged by its conservative bent through the drama of the Dreyfus Affair. Editor Ernest Judet was a staunch anti-Dreyfusard, even as facts increasingly made that position untenable. As a result, Le Petit Parisien replaced Le Petit Journal, and the latter's circulation dropped off considerably. It maintained a niche audience, however, especially among supporters of the right-wing Croix-de-Feu and later the French National Party. More by this mapmaker...

The Imprimerie Charaire (1872 - 1972) was a printing firm in Sceaux, France, and was active for about a century. Bought on August 1, 1872, by Michel Charaire (March 8, 1818 - 1907), the Imprimerie Charaire became the largest employ in Sceaux (then a town of 5,000 inhabitants south of Paris). Charaire's son Émile (1843 - 1902) worked alongside his father, helping the printing firm succeed. By 1900, it was the ninth-largest printing house in France by number of publications. The Charaires bought modern rotating printing presses which allowed them to increase their production to nearly 80,000 sheets a day. The Charaires insisted on treating their employees well (although they only paid them 4.35 Francs a day while a comparable job in Paris might pay as much as ten francs a day). The Charaires also improved life around town and treated their employees well. During their time as the owners of the print shop, the Charaire's workers on went on strike once and it lasted only three hours. The Sociéte Parisienne d'édition, founded by the Offenstadt brothers, bought the Imprimerie Charaire in 1923. The Offenstadt family had the firm taken from them during World War II due to their Jewish heritage and it published several pro-Hitler pieces during the Occupation. After the Liberation, it is unclear of the Offenstadt family regained the firm or not. The printing house was absorbed by the Ventillard publishing house at the end of the 1960s and gradually declined until it was finally closed in 1972. Learn More...

Imprimerie de F. Menetrier (c. 1872 - 1900) was a publisher, primarily of maps, based in Paris. Little is known about the firm, though it was quite active in the map publishing world in the 1880s and 1890s. Its earliest known work was a large and ambitious Atlas National de France in 1872. Afterwards, it primarily published maps of European countries and their colonial possessions, as well as world maps. The firm should not be confused with the illustrator Ferdinand-Léon Ménétrier (1859 - 1880), nor the early 20th century Spanish-French translator Félix Ménétrier. Learn More...